附件：《英语国家概况自学考试大纲》的考核目标 Part One The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Chapter 1 Land and People I. Different Names for Britain and its Parts Chapter 2 The Origins of a Nation I．Early Settlers 3．The Celts II．Roman Britain III．The Anglo-Saxons Ⅳ．The Viking and Danish Invasions V．The Norman Conquest Chapter 3 The Shaping of the Nation Ⅰ．Norman Rule 1. William’s Rule Ⅱ．The Great Charter and the Beginning of Parliament 1. The Great Charter Ⅲ．The Hundred Years’ War with France Ⅳ．The Black Death and the Peasant Uprising Chapter 4 Transition to the Modern Age Ⅰ．Transition to the Modern Age Ⅱ．The English Reformation Ⅲ．Elizabeth I 1. Elizabeth and Parliament 2. Elizabeth’s Religious Reform 3. Elizabeth’s Foreign Policy Ⅳ．The English Renaissance VII. The Civil Wars VIII. The Commonwealth IX. The Restoration and the Glorious Revolution of 1688 Chapter 5 The Rise and Fall of the British Empire Ⅰ．Whigs and Tories Ⅱ．Agricultural Changes in the Late 18th Century Ⅲ．The Industrial Revolution Ⅳ．The Chartist Movement VII．Twentieth Century 1. Britain and the First World War 3. Britain and the Second World War 4. Postwar Britain Chapter 7 Government and Administration Ⅰ．The Monarchy Ⅱ．Parliament 1. The House of Lords 2. The House of Commons Ⅲ．The Cabinet and Ministry Ⅳ．The Privy Council Chapter 8 Justice and the Law IV．The Judiciary V．Police Chapter 9 Social Affairs Ⅰ．Health and Social Services 1．The National Health Service Ⅲ．Religion 1．Established churches Ⅳ．Festivals and Public Holidays 1．Christian festivals 2．Other festivals 3．Public holidays Chapter 10 Cultural Affairs Ⅰ．Education 3．Higher education Ⅱ．The Media 1．Newspapers Ⅲ．Sports Ⅳ．The Arts 3．Drama Part Two The Republic of Ireland Chapter 11 Geography and History I. Geographical Features II. Climate and Weather III. Population and Religion IV. Historical background Part Three The United States of America Chapter 14 Population, Race and Ethnic Groups I. Introduction IV. Racial and Ethnic Minorities 1．Blacks Chapter 15 American History (I) Ⅰ．Discovery of the New World Ⅱ．The Colonial Period Ⅲ．The War of Independence Ⅳ．A New Form of Government Ⅵ．Territorial Expansion and Westward Movement Ⅶ．The Civil War Ⅷ．Rapid Growth of Capitalism after the Civil War Chapter 16 American History (II) Ⅰ．Economic Development Ⅱ．Progressivism Ⅲ．World War I and the United States Ⅳ．The United States in the 1920s Ⅴ．The Great Depression and the New Deal Ⅵ．World War II and the United States Chapter 17 American History (III) Ⅰ．The Origins of the Cold War Ⅱ．The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan V．McCarthyism VII．American Society During the Postwar Boom: 1945-1960s VIII．The Cuban Missile Crisis IX．The Vietnam War X．United States’ Relations with China XII．Watergate Scandal Chapter 18 The Economy (Two paragraphs) Ⅰ．The Economic System of the United States V．Foreign Trade VI．Problems in the U.S. Economy Chapter 19 Political Institutions Ⅰ．The U.S. Constitution 1．The Federal system 2．Separation of powers: checks and balances 3．Provisions for amendment Ⅱ．The Executive Branch 1．The Presidency 2．Presidential Powers Ⅲ．The Legislative Branch 2. Powers of the House and Senate 3. Officers of the Congress 4. Functions of the Congress Ⅴ．Political Parties (two-party system) Chapter 20 Education Ⅰ．Characteristics of American Education Ⅱ．Elementary and Secondary Education Ⅲ．Higher Education Ⅴ．Education Reforms Chapter 21 Literature, Architecture and Music Ⅰ．American Literature 1．Washington Irving 2．Emerson and Hawthorne 3．Mark Twain 4．Whitman and Dickinson 5．Theodore Dreiser 6．T. S. Eliot 7．Ernest Hemingway 8．Hughes and Wright Chapter 22 Holidays and Festivals Ⅰ．New Year’s Day IV．Valentine’s Day VI．Easter Day VIII．Independence Day IX．Halloween XI．Thanksgiving Day ⅩII．Christmas Day Part Four Canada Chapter 23 Geography and History Ⅰ．Geographic Features 4. Geographic regions Ⅱ．The making of Canada 1．The European discovery 3．Self-government and Confederation 4．The Canadian nation Chapter 26 Society and Culture I．Canadian Society 1．Population 2．Immigration 3．Bilingualism 4．Multiculturalism Part Five Australia Chapter 27 Land and people Ⅰ．The Geographical Structure 1．The Great Western Plateau 2．The Eastern Highlands 3．The Central Eastern Lowlands Ⅱ．Climate 3. Causes and effects of the hot and dry climate Ⅳ．People 1．Population 2．Population density and distribution Ⅴ．Australia’s Built Environment 1．Sprawling cities 2．Rural areas Ⅵ．Political Divisions 1．New South Wales 2．Victoria 3．Queensland 4．South Australia 5．West Australia 6．Tasmania Chapter 32 Society and Culture IV．Australian Culture 1．Aboriginal culture 2．Modern Australian culture Part Six New Zealand Chapter 33 The Making of New Zealand Ⅰ．Geography Ⅱ．Climate Ⅲ．Plants and Animals Ⅳ．Historical Background 2．The Treaty of Waitangi 1840 VI. Maoritanga 5. Race relations
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